Marine Mineral Formations in the Arctic Ocean Challenge Existing Geologic Theories
Not only do these mineral formations challenge previous assumptions about geologic processes in the Arctic, but their unique composition also sets them apart from other marine minerals found in the region. Differences in their mineralogy and element composition indicate they were formed under distinctive conditions, driven by specific physical and chemical interactions beneath the seafloor. “This discovery broadens our understanding of marine mineral formation, highlighting complex geological processes in the Arctic Ocean that were previously unrecognized,” said Amy Gartman, USGS Research Geologist and co-author of the study. Read the study, Neogene hydrothermal Fe- and Mn-oxide mineralization of Paleozoic continental rocks
Volcano Watch — The Art and Science of Geologic Mapping
Volcano Watch is a weekly article and activity update written by U.S. Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory scientists and affiliates. This week's article is by HVO geologist Drew Downs. Examples of Hawaii geologic maps. The lefthand map is a USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory map created on September 17, 2024, within hours of remote sensing (helicopter overflight) of the eruption that occurred from September 15–20, 2024. Several age ranges for lava flows of interest are noted by color changes, with those that erupted from 1790–2018 in purple (older lava flows are gray), those erupted on September 15 in pink, and those